Principles of Photography

In our Principles of Photography Workshop Series we try our best to share what we were able to teach ourselves about photography, in simple, easy-to-understand concepts. These are just some basics to help you get started, there is much more information to learn beyond these basics.

Balance

The photo below is a great example of formal balance. Notice how the egg is framed in the middle of the photo with an even amount of space around all sides. The colored triangle shapes on the table top also lends itself to using this type of balance.

Harmony
This refers to the way different parts of the picture fit together. Harmony is usually the objective. However, not always in all parts of the design. A photo with harmony has a relaxing affect on the viewer.

Contrast
Contrast is in opposition to harmony and should not be overdone. Contrast is easy. It is similar to adding contrast to an image overall, but this is done by using the elements. You can create contrast in an image by using complementary colors or differences in light and dark.

Rhythm
Rhythm is a conscious repetition of equal or similar components in the picture. It is usually created by repetition & transition. Pattern or rhythm is simply repeating an element in such a manner. This will cause the viewer’s eye to move around to each element.

Movement

Movement is one of the simpler principles to learn; I actually used it a lot when discussing the Elements of Art. The goal of creating movement is to lead the viewer’s eye all around the photo and land on the focal point. 

Variety

Variety is exactly what it sounds like, having variety in your elements! The image on the left has variety by combining a sunset sky, the bridge, and the middle ground of the trees. The image on the right has variety in each of the shells.

Proportion

Proportion is using the size of an object to give it more or less importance. Finding an image that uses this purposefully was difficult. 
This refers to proper sizing or scaling of components in relation to each other and to the total picture. A two hundred foot tree is not in proportion in a small courtyard.

Happy Learning!

Anamika Gupta

IAAN